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Green Tea Leaves

Green Tea comes from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis tea plant. Black and white teas also come from this plant.Green tea contains substances called catechins. These plant-based compounds, or polyphenols, have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic properties. They also attack free radicals.

Green tea is especially rich in epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol that  has shown to improve acne and oily skin.

In addition to having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, EGCG lowers lipid levels and is anti-androgenic, making it effective at reducing sebum (oil) excretions in the skin.

Androgens are hormones that the body produces naturally. High or fluctuating androgen levels stimulate the sebaceous glands to produce more sebum. Excess sebum can clog pores and increase bacterial growth, causing hormonal acne. EGCG helps break this cycle.

There have been an increasing number of studies and trials investigating green tea and its extracts in the treatment of various dermatological diseases. Many studies are very promising and suggest the use of green tea as an effective therapeutic option in chronic, infectious, inflammatory, and hair disorders as well as a preventive tool not only against skin aging but also skin cancer. However, to date there are only a few studies on the use of green tea extracts with double‐blind, randomized approaches and large patient numbers. More studies are required in order to be able to determine the true efficacy of green tea‐derived treatment approaches in most dermatological diseases as well as their long‐term safety and tolerability.

 

Green tea in infectious diseases

Today, GTPs are regarded as an effective and safe therapeutic option for external genital warts.By now, there is good data that GTPs are able to offer effective protection against malignant transformation of benign HPV‐induced skin papillomas.Recently approved for prescription by the FDA in the United States and by the EMA in Europe, it is the first botanical drug to obtain such approval.
Indeed, green tea extracts are already regarded as a potential option for a novel, pharmaceutical approach for cervical cancer patients in the future. Studies investigating the clinical efficacy of green tea components – delivered vaginally, orally or both – in patients with HPV‐infected cervical lesions have shown overall response rates of 69 % in the treatment group compared to 10 % in the untreated control group.

Atopic dermatitis

Regular bath therapy, for example, using green tea extracts has shown marked improvement of atopic dermatitis (AD) and has been proposed as an effective and safe treatment for patients with AD. Not only did subjects treated with green tea extracts show remarkable clinical improvement of their atopic dermatitis as assessed by the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index (SCORAD), they also reported a major decrease of daily pruritus as measured by a respective visual analogue scale.

Green tea and wound healing

EGCG is also known to regulate the secretion of cytokines and the activation of skin cells during wound healing. In fact, several studies suggest that green tea extracts enhance wound healing in full thickness by accelerating cell infiltration, re‐epithelialization, and angiogenesis. But green tea also has anti‐infective properties, which additionally enhances wound healing. Especially its antibacterial effects have been intensively analyzed and it has been shown that green tea is effective against numerous bacteria including multidrug‐resistant strains such as methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Sources:
Zink, A. and Traidl‐Hoffmann, C. (2015), Green tea in dermatology – myths and facts. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft, 13: 768-775. doi:10.1111/ddg.12737

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